China isiko aluminiyam ingxubevange castings byukugalela isantikunye neenkqubo zokuphosa i-shell mold.
Igama elithi Intlabathi eluhlaza libonisa ubukho bokufuma kwisanti ebumbayo kwaye ibonisa ukuba umngundo awubhakwanga okanye womiswe. Isanti ekrwada yombiwa ize ilungiswe ukuze inike usasazo olungaguquguqukiyo lwemilinganiselo yeenkozo. Xa zicutshungulwa ukubunjwa, udongwe lwendalo luyadityaniswa ukuze ludibanise iinkozo.
Uthuli lwamalahle (olwaziwa ngokuba yiSea Coal) longezwa ukulawula umgangatho wokuphosa ngexesha lokwandiswa kwesanti xa iintsimbi ezishushu zigalelwa kumngundo. Ezinye izongezo, ezifana nepitch, i-cellulose kunye nomgubo we-silica, nazo ziyasetyenziswa. Isongezo esisetyenzisiweyo sixhomekeke kwintsimbi yentsimbi. Isanti ixutywe kwi-mullor okanye i-mixer, apho amanzi kunye nezongezo zixutywe kunye nesihlabathi.
Isanti ke ilungele ukusetyenziswa ukwenza umngundo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokubumba kodwa zonke iindlela zicudisa okanye zidibanise isanti ngokuchasene nepateni ukwenza umfanekiso wenxalenye eza kuphoswa. Iipateni zohlulwe kwiziqingatha zokungunda okanye ikeyiki yokungunda kwaye umngundo uyavalwa udale indawo yomngxuma. Iindidi zokubumba zivela kwi-automatic high-speed high-speed molding, ukubumba ipleyiti yomdlalo ngokuzenzekelayo, ukubumba okuzenzekelayo kweflask (esetyenziselwa ukubumba okukhulu) kunye nokubunjwa kwe-jolt. Iimolds ezinkulu nazo zenziwe phantsi kwaye zinyuswe ngesandla. Namhlanje, ukubumba kwenziwa ngokukodwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye iimbumba zibekwe kwizixhobo zokuphatha i-mold ukuze zigalelwe, ukuvumela ukuba i-castings iqine kwaye ipholile. Ulungelelwaniso lwezixhobo zokuphatha umngundo lubandakanya imigca yesalathiso, imigca yokuphola kunye nemigca yemoto yokubumba. Ukuthululelwa kwesinyithi kunokufezekiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngesithando somlilo okanye ukuthuthwa kwiimbumba kwiiladi. Amandla e-Ladle angahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-100 leeponti ukuya kwiitoni ezininzi.
Emva kokuba intsimbi ekumngundo iqinile kwaye ipholile, ukungunda kulahlwa kwi-shakeout eyahlula i-castings kwisanti. Inkqubo ye-shakeout inokwenziwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo. Ukuphosa emva koko kuchithwa (kwahlulwe kwisixokelelwano sombaleki). Inkqubo yembaleki isetyenziselwa ukufumana isinyithi kwindawo yokuphosa. Inkqubo yembaleki ithunyelwa emva kwisebe lokunyibilika ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye ukuhanjiswa kuthunyelwe kwinkqubo yokugqiba. Isanti iphinda isetyenziswe emva kokuba ijongiwe kwaye ipholisiwe. Isanti entsha nayo yongezwa ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wesixa sesinyithi esigalelwe kwisixa esinikiweyo sesanti.
Ukugqiba ukuphosa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ngokudubula kwesanti ukususa isanti ebambeke ekugalweni. Indawo yokugqiba iyakwazi ukuzenzekelayo kakhulu, isebenzisa iirobhothi kunye neenkqubo zeMbono, okanye ingaba yinkqubo yezandla esebenza ngesandla. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zokugqiba umsebenzi ziquka ukugaya ivili, ukugaya ibhande, ukusika i-trim press, i-saw cutting, i-air arch cutting kunye nokugaya isandla. Indlela esetyenzisiweyo ixhomekeke kwintsimbi yentsimbi kunye nobukhulu bokuphosa.
I-aluminiyam kunye neealloyi zayo zinokuphoswa kwaye zigalelwe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokufa, ukuphoswa koxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukuphosa umxhuzulane, ukuphosa isanti, ukuphosa utyalo-mali kunyeukuphosa amagwebu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukujulwa kwe-aluminium alloy kunobunzima obuncinci kodwa kunobume obuntsonkothileyo kunye nomphezulu ongcono.
Yiyiphi iAluminiyam alloy esiyiphosayo ngeNkqubo yokuCasa isanti:
• Cast iAluminiyam iAluminiyam ngokweMigangatho yaseTshayina: ZL101, ZL102, ZL104
• Cast iAluminiyam iAluminiyam yi-USA Stardard: ASTM A356, ASTM A413, ASTM A360
• Cast iAluminiyam iAluminiyam ngezinye iiStarndards: AC3A, AC4A, AC4C, G-AlSi7Mg, G-Al12
| Kumanyene | Umbutho weAluminiyam | Ubunzima BHN | Amandla okuqina okugqibela, iMPa | Amandla eSivuno, iMPa | Modulus of elasticity, GPa | Ukukhathala Amandla, MPa |
| A03550 | AA355.0 | 75-105 | 255 | 185 | 70.3 | 69.0 |
| A03600 | AA360.0 | 75.0 | 300 | 170 | 71.0 | 138.0 |
| A03800 | AA380.0 | 80.0 | 317 | 159 | 71.0 | 138.0 |
| A03830 | AA383.0 | 75.0 | 310 | 152 | / | 145.0 |
| A03840 | AA384.0 | 85.0 | 331 | 165 | / | 140.0 |
| A03900 | AA390.0 | 120.0 | 280 | 240 | 81.2 | 140.0 |
| A04130 | AA413.0 | 80.0 | 296 | 145 | 71.0 | 130.0 |
| A04430 | AA443.0 | 30-60 | 145 | 48.3 | 71.0 | / |
| A05180 | AA518.0 | 80.0 | 310 | 193 | 69.0 | 160.0 |
Iimpawu zeAluminiyam yeAluminiyam:
• Ukusebenza kwentsimbi kuyafana nokwentsimbi, kodwa iipropathi zomatshini ezihambelanayo ziyancipha ngakumbi njengoko ubukhulu bodonga bukhula.
• Ubukhulu bodonga lweecastings akufunekanga bube bukhulu kakhulu, kwaye ezinye iimpawu zesakhiwo zifana nezo zentsimbi.
• Ubunzima obulula kodwa obuntsonkothileyo besakhiwo
• Iindleko zokuphosa ngekhilogram yee-aluminiyam zokusahlela ziphezulu kunezo zentsimbi kunye neentsimbi.
• Ukuba iveliswe ngenkqubo yokuphosa, iindleko zokungunda kunye nepateni ziya kuba phezulu kakhulu kunezinye iinkqubo zokusasa. Ke ngoko, ukujulwa kwe-aluminiyam yokufa kuya kulungeleka ngakumbi ukujulwa kobuninzi obufunwayo.
| Ubume boMchiza obuqhelekileyo boTyalo-mali lokuphosa iAluminiyam iAluminiyam ngeNgcaciso yaseMntla Melika | ||||||||||||||
| IBanga le-alloy | Inkcazo | Al | Cu | Si | Zn | Mg | Cr | Fe | Mn | Ti | Ag | Be | Ni | P |
| I-A356-T6 | I-AMS 4218 | UBhal | 0.20 | 6. 5 - 7. 5 | 0.10 | 0.25-0.45 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.20 | - | -- | - | - |
| A 357 | I-AMS 4219 | UBhal | 0.20 | 6. 5 - 7. 5 | 0.10 | 0.40-.70 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.04-0.20 | - | 0.04-0.07 | - | - |
| F 357 | I-AMS 4289 | UBhal | 0.20 | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.40-.70 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.04-0.20 | - | 0.002 | - | - |
| E357 | I-AMS 4288 | UBhal | - | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.55-0.60 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10-0.20 | - | 0.002 | - | - |
| A201 | I-AMS 4229 | UBhal | 4.0-5.0 | 0.05 | - | 0.15-0.35 | - | 0.10 | 0.20-0.34 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.40-1.0 | - | - | - |
| C355 | I-AMS 4215 | UBhal | 1.0-1.5 | 4.5-5.5 | 0.10 | 0.40-0.60 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 ubuninzi | 0.20 | - | - | - | - |
| A206 | I-AMS 4235 | UBhal | 4.2-5.0 | .05ubuninzi | 0.05 ubuninzi | 0.20-0.35 | - | 0.10ma | 0.20-0.50 | 0.15-0.30 | - | - | 0.5 ubuninzi | - |
| B206 | UBhal | 4.2-5.0 | .05ubuninzi | 0.05 ubuninzi | 0.15-0.35 | - | 0.10 ubuninzi | 0.20-0.50 | 0 10 | - | - | 0.5 ubuninzi | - | |
