Ngokomgangatho wekhabhoni, intsimbi ye-carbonukuphosayahlulwe ngokubanzi ibe yintsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni, intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu. Iintsimbi zekhabhoni ezifakwe kuwo onke amazwe ehlabathi zihlelwa ngokubanzi ngokwamandla abo, kwaye amabakala ahambelanayo aqulunqwa.
Ngokuphathelele ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zensimbi ye-carbon, ngaphandle kwe-phosphorus kunye ne-sulfure, akukho zithintelo okanye imida ephezulu kuphela kwezinye iikhemikhali. Ngaphantsi kwesiseko esingentla, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zentsimbi ye-carbon cast inqunywe yiisisekongokweempawu zoomatshini ezifunekayo.
Iindlela zokunyanga ubushushu be-carbon steel castings zihlala zi-annealing, normalizing okanye normalizing + tempering. Kwezinye iintsimbi eziphezulu zekhabhoni, ukucima kunye nokutshisa kunokusetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, ukucima + ubushushu obuphezulu, ukuze kuphuculwe iipropati ezibanzi zoomatshini be-carbon steel castings. I-carbon steel castings encinci inokucinywa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye igxininiswe ukusuka kwimeko yokuphosa. Kwizinto ezinkulu okanye eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-carbon steel castings, kuyafaneleka ukwenza unyango lokucima kunye nokufudumala emva konyango oluqhelekileyo.
Umphumo wekhabhoni kwi-microstructure kunye neepropati ze-carbon steel
1) Impembelelo yekhabhoni kwisakhiwo se-carbon steel
Ikhabhoni yeyona nto iphambili emisela ubume bemetallographic kunye neempawu zentsimbi. Kuluhlu lwensimbi ye-hypoeutectoid, njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni ukhula, umlinganiselo we-ferrite uyancipha kwaye umlinganiselo we-pearlite uyanda. Xa ufikelela ekubunjweni kwe-eutectoid, zonke ziyi-pearlite. Kuluhlu lwe-hypereutectoid, njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni ukhula, umlinganiselo ohambelana ne-proeutectoid cementite uyanda kwaye umlinganiselo we-pearlite uyancipha.
2) Umphumo wekhabhoni kwiipropati ze-mechanical of carbon steel
I-Carbon ichaphazela iipropati ze-mechanical ze-carbon steel ngokuchaphazela iimali ezihambelanayo kunye neempawu zokusabalalisa zecandelo ngalinye lesakhiwo kwi-microstructure. Ngokuqhelekileyo, njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni ukhula, ubunzima be-carbon steel buya kwanda, kodwa amandla ayo empembelelo kunye nokwandisa kuya kuncipha. Amandla okuqina kunye namandla emveliso aya kuqala kwanda kwaye anciphise njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni ukhula.
3) Umphumo wekhabhoni ekusebenzeni kokusika kwe-carbon steel castings
Intsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi inesixa esikhulu se-ferrite, ubunzima obuphantsi, iplastikhi elungileyo, kunye nokuncamathela lula, ngoko ke ukusebenza kwayo kokusika kumbi kakhulu. Kukho i-cementite eninzi kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu. Xa i-cementite isasazwa kwi-flake kunye nenethiwekhi, isixhobo silula ukunxiba, ngoko ukusebenza kwayo kokusika kuncinci. Umlinganiselo we-ferrite kunye ne-cementite kwi-carbon steel medium ifanelekile, ubunzima kunye neplastiki nayo imodareyitha, kwaye ukusebenza kokusika kungcono. Ukusebenza kokusika kuyona nto ibhetele xa ukuqina kobunzima bentsimbi ye-castings yi-180-230 HBW.
I-4) Impembelelo yekhabhoni ekusebenzeni kwe-carbon steel
Kwiqondo lokushisa elifanayo, ukumanzi kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni eyahlukileyo kuyahluka. Ngenxa yokuba iintsimbi ezinomxholo ohlukeneyo wekhabhoni zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yophuhliso kwi-dendrites. Okukhona ikhefu lobushushu bommandla wecrystallization (umahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi komgca weliquidius kunye nomgca we-solidus), kokukhona kuphuhliswe ngakumbi iikristale ze-dendritic zentsimbi yekhabhoni, oko kukuthi, kokukhona kubi ngakumbi ukumanzi kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ukukwazi kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuzalisa ukungunda.
