I-OEM yesiko lentsimbi engwevu eveliswe ngokuchaneka elahlekileyo yotyalo-mali lokuphosa kunye nomatshini we-CNC.
Ngenxa yokulula kwayo ukwenza oomatshini, amandla acinezelayo aphezulu, ukuguquguquka okungcono kwe-thermal kunye nokufunxa okugqwesileyo kwe-vibration, intsimbi engwevu yentsimbi yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphosa isinyithi ixesha elide, nakwimveliso yangoku yoshishino. Umxholo wekhabhoni yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-iron engwevu (idla ngokuba yi-2% ukuya kwi-4%) ukwenza amandla okuqina kunye nokusebenza. Xa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siqinisa enye i-carbon precipitates njengegraphite, isenza iiflakes ezincinci, ezingaqhelekanga ngaphakathi kolwakhiwo lwekristale yentsimbi ephucula iipropati ezinqwenelekayo zentsimbi etyhidiweyo, iiflakes ziphazamisa ulwakhiwo lwekristale olukhokelela kubume bentsimbi.
Uphuhliso lwentsimbi engwevu luqhutywa ngamandla amakhulu. Ngaphambili, indlela ephambili yokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-iron grey cast inoculation. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eyona ndlela iphambili ngoku kukugxila kwi-alloying, kwaye ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwe-casting, ezininzi ii-iron grey foundries zisebenzisa i-cast iron kunye ne-carbon equivalent. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwintsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy cast. Ke ngoko, isinyithi esingwevu sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuvelisa iindawo zokugalela intsimbi kwibhloko yenjini, izindlu zoomatshini, isiseko soomatshini, iintsimbi zokubala, iinxalenye zesitovu, iinxalenye zebhoyila, iigobolondo zempompo njalo njalo.
| IiPropati zoomatshini bentsimbi yentsimbi eyiCast | ||||||
| Amandla okuqina kweeSampulu zokuCasa ngokwahlukeneyo zeeayini zokuphoswa ezingwevu | ||||||
| Ukutyunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo | GG-10, EN-GJL-100 | GG-15, EN-GJL-150 | GG-20, EN-GJL-200 | GG-25, EN-GJL-250 | GG-30, EN-GJL-300 | GG-35, EN-GJL-350 |
| Amandla Okuqina (MPa) | ≥100 | ≥150 | ≥200 | ≥250 | ≥300 | ≥350 |
| Ukuqina kokuqina kweisampulu zokuphoswa kweeayini ezingwevu | ||||||
| Ukutyunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo | Ukutyeba kodonga lokuSasa (mm) | Amandla Okuqina (MPa) ≥ | ||||
| Isampulu yeBar Dia. (mm) | Isampulu yebloko (mm) | Isahlulo (Reference) | ||||
| φ30 | φ50 | I-R15 | I-R25 | |||
| HT150, GG-15, EN-GJL-150 | 20-40 | 130 | / | 120 | / | 120 |
| 40-80 | 115 | 115 | 110 | / | 105 | |
| 80-150 | / | 105 | / | 100 | 90 | |
| 150-300 | / | 100 | / | 90 | 80 | |
| HT200, GG-20, EN-GJL-200 | 20-40 | 180 | / | 170 | / | 165 |
| 40-80 | 160 | 155 | 150 | / | 145 | |
| 80-150 | / | 145 | / | 140 | 130 | |
| 150-300 | / | 135 | / | 130 | 120 | |
| HT250, GG-25, EN-GJL-250 | 20-40 | 220 | / | 210 | / | 205 |
| 40-80 | 200 | 190 | 190 | / | 180 | |
| 80-150 | / | 180 | / | 170 | 165 | |
| 150-300 | / | 165 | / | 160 | 150 | |
| HT300, GG-30, EN-GJL-300 | 20-40 | 260 | / | 250 | / | 245 |
| 40-80 | 235 | 230 | 225 | / | 215 | |
| 80-150 | / | 210 | / | 200 | 195 | |
| 150-300 | / | 195 | / | 185 | 180 | |
| HT350, GG-35, EN-GJL-350 | 20-40 | 300 | / | 290 | / | 285 |
| 40-80 | 270 | 265 | 260 | / | 255 | |
| 80-150 | / | 240 | / | 230 | 225 | |
| 150-300 | / | 215 | / | 210 | 205 | |
| Amandla okuqina kwentsimbi engwevu ekubunjweni koDonga olwahlukileyo | ||||||
| Cast Ukutyeba kodonga (mm) | Ukutyunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo | |||||
| GG-10, EN-GJL-100 | GG-15, EN-GJL-150 | GG-20, EN-GJL-200 | GG-25, EN-GJL-250 | GG-30, EN-GJL-300 | GG-35, EN-GJL-350 | |
| Amandla Okuqina (MPa) ≥ | ||||||
| 2.5-4.0 | 130 | 175 | 220 | / | / | / |
| 4.0-10 | 270 | |||||
| 10-20 | 100 | 145 | 195 | 240 | 290 | 340 |
| 20-30 | 90 | 130 | 170 | 220 | 250 | 290 |
| 30-50 | 80 | 120 | 160 | 200 | 230 | 260 |
Intsimbi yokuphosa, ikakhulu ibandakanya intsimbi engwevu kunye nentsimbi (i-nodular) isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuphosa ngeenkqubo zentsimbi.ukugalela isanti, ukubunjwa kweqokobhe, ukuphosa isanti egqunyiweyo okanye ukuphosa ugwebu olulahlekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ethile ekhethekileyo, inkqubo yokuphosa i-wax elahlekileyo yotyalo-mali nayo isetyenziswa ngenxa yomgangatho wabo ococekileyo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu. Kwi-RMC, sikwanaso nesakhono sokuphosa intsimbi engwevu kunye ne-ductile ngengokuchanekileyo olulahlekileyo utyalo-mali lwewaxusebenzisa i-silica sol kunye neglasi yamanzi ekwakheni iqokobhe.
Xa intsimbi egayiweyo ipholiswa kancinane, i-cementite ibola ibe yintsimbi kunye nekhabhoni ngendlela yegraphite ebizwa ngokuba yigraphitization. Iintsimbi apho ipesenti enkulu ye-cementite iboliswa yi-graphitization ibizwa ngokuba ziintsimbi ezingwevu. Intsimbi yentsimbi apho i-graphitization ingazange yenzeke, i. e, yonke ikhabhoni ikwimo edibeneyo, ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi emhlophe. Inkqubo ye-graphitization idinga ixesha kwaye ngoko ke, xa i-iron cast engamanzi ipholile ngokukhawuleza, intsimbi emhlophe iya kubangela. Intsimbi yentsimbi emhlophe ithelekiseka kwiipropati kunye neentsimbi zekhabhoni eziphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-brittle kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yoko ayisetyenziselwa iindawo zesakhiwo. Iluncedo kwiindawo apho ukunxitywa kwe-abrasive ikhona. Amandla okuqina ahluka phakathi kwe-170 ukuya kuma-345 MPa kwaye aqhele ukuba malunga ne-240 MPa. Ubunzima buvela kwi-350 ukuya kwi-500 BHN. Ngenxa yobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu, i-machinability impofu kwaye idla ngokugqitywa ngokusila.
| Ukuthelekisa i-Iron eGrey | Ubutyebe bokuphosa/mm | Ukuqulunqwa kwemichiza (()) | |||||||
| China (GB/T 9439-1988) | ISO 185:1988 | USA ASTM A48/A48M-03(2008) | IYurophu (EN 1561:1997) | C | Si | Mn | P ≦ | S ≦ | |
| I-HT100 (HT10-26) | 100 | No.20 F11401 | GJL-100 JL-1010 | - | 3.4-3.9 | 2.1-2.6 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.3 | 0.15 |
| I-HT150 (HT15-33) | 150 | No.25A F11701 | GJL-150 JL-1020 | ＜30 30-50＞50 | 3.3-3.5 3.2-3.5 3.2-3.5 | 2.0-2.4 1.9-2.3 1.8-2.2 | 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.8 0.6-0.9 | 0.2 | 0.12 |
| I-HT200 (HT20-40) | 200 | No.30A F12101 | GJL-200 JL-1030 | ＜30 30-50＞51 | 3.2-3.5 3.1-3.4 3.0-3.3 | 1.6-2.0 1.5-1.8 1.4-1.6 | 0.7-0.9 0.8-1.0 0.8-1.0 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| I-HT250 (HT25-47) | 250 | No.35A F12401 No.40A F12801 | GJL-250 JL-1040 | ＜30 30-50＞52 | 3.0-3.3 2.9-3.2 2.8-3.1 | 1.4-1.7 1.3-1.6 1.2-1.5 | 0.8-1.0 0.9-1.1 1.0-1.2 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| I-HT300 (HT30-54) | 300 | No.45A F13301 | GJL-300 JL-1050 | ＜30 30-50＞53 | 2.9-3.2 2.9-3.2 2.8-3.1 | 1.4-1.7 1.2-1.5 1.1-1.4 | 0.8-1.0 0.9-1.1 1.0-1.2 | 0.15 | 0.12 |
| I-HT350 (HT35-61) | 350 | No.50A F13501 | GJL-350 JL-1060 | ＜30 30-50＞54 | 2.8-3.1 2.8-3.1 2.7-3.0 | 1.3-1.6 1.2-1.5 1.1-1.4 | 1.0-1.3 1.0-1.3 1.1-1.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Ukuphosa utyalo-mali (okanye ukulahlwa kwewax elahlekileyo) kubhekiselele ekwenziweni kweceramic ejikeleze iipateni zewax ukwenza inxalenye eninzi okanye enye yokungunda ukufumana isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Le nkqubo isebenzisa isitofu esichithwayo esibunjiweyo sepateni yewax ukuphumeza iifom ezintsonkothileyo ezinomgangatho okhethekileyo womphezulu.s. Utyalo-mali oluchanekileyoinokufezekisa ukuchaneka okukhethekileyo kuzo zombini iindawo zokuphosa ezincinci kunye ezinkulu kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinto.
Ukwenza isikhunta, ipateni yewax, okanye iqoqo leepateni, ifakwe kwizinto ze-ceramic amaxesha amaninzi ukwakha igobolondo elishinyeneyo. Inkqubo ye-de-wax ilandelwa yinkqubo yokomisa iqokobhe. Iqokobhe le-wax-less ceramic liyaveliswa. Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sigalelwa kwimingxuma yeqokobhe leceramic okanye iqoqo, kwaye xa sele liqinile kwaye lipholile, iqokobhe leceramic liyaqhawuka liveze into yokugqibela yentsimbi.
| UTyalo-mali oluNxibelela ngolwazi kwi-RMC | |
| I-R&D | Isoftware: Solidworks, CAD, Procast, Pro-e |
| Ixesha eliKhokelo loPhuhliso kunye neeSampulu: iintsuku ezingama-25 ukuya kwezingama-35 | |
| Metal etyhidiweyo | I-Ferritic Stainless Steel, i-Martensitic Stainless Steel, i-Austenitic stainless steel, i-Precipitation Hardening Steel, i-Duplex Steel |
| Intsimbi yeCarbon, intsimbi yengxubevange, intsimbi yesiXhobo, intsimbi enganyangekiyo kubushushu, | |
| Ingxubevange yeNickle-base, iAluminiyam ialloy, iCopper-base Alloy, iCobalt-base Alloy | |
| Metal Standard | ISO, GB, ASTM, SAE, GOST EN, DIN, JIS, BS |
| Izinto zokwakha zeShell | I-Silica Sol (i-Silica enamanzi) |
| Iglasi yamanzi (iSodium silicate) | |
| Imixube yeSilica Sol kunye neglasi yamanzi | |
| IParameter yobuGcisa | Ubunzima bePiece: 2 gram ukuya kwi-200 kilogram |
| Ubungakanani bobukhulu: 1,000 mm yeDiameter okanye Ubude | |
| Ubungqingqwa boDonga obuncinci: 1.5mm | |
| Ukuphosa uburhabaxa: Ra 3.2-6.4, Machining Uburhabaxa: Ra 1.6 | |
| Ukunyamezela kokuCalwa: VDG P690, D1/CT5-7 | |
| Ukunyamezela koMatshini: ISO 2768-mk/IT6 | |
| I-Inner Core: I-Ceramic Core, i-Urea Core, i-Wax ye-Wax e-Soluble yamanzi | |
| Unyango lobushushu | Ukuqhelanisa, ukufudumeza, ukucima, ukunyathela, iSisombululo, iCarburization. |
| Unyango loMphezulu | Ukuhombisa, iSanti / ukuDutyulwa kokuDutyulwa, ukuPlakwa kweZinc, ukuPlakwa ngeNickel, Unyango lwe-Oxidation, iPhosphating, ukupeyinta umgubo, iGeormet, iAnodizing |
| Uvavanyo loMda | CMM, Vernier Caliper, Ngaphakathi Caliper. I-Depth Gage, i-Height Gage, i-Go/No go gage, i-Special Fixtures |
| Ukuhlolwa kwemichiza | Uhlalutyo lwe-Chemical Compostion Analysis (20 izakhi zeekhemikhali), ukuHlolwa kokucoceka, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray yeRadiographic, i-Carbon-Sulfur Analyzer |
| Ukuhlolwa Ngokwasemzimbeni | Ukulinganisa okuDynamic, ukuBlansi okuNgqo, iiMpahla zoomatshini (Ubulukhuni, Amandla eSivuno, Amandla aQinisayo), Ukwandiswa |
| Isakhono seMveliso | Ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250 ngenyanga, ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-3,000 ngonyaka. |
