Intsimbi yentsimbi eMalleable

Intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo etyhidiweyo ifunyanwa ngokugalela intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo enekhemikhali ethile kwizithuba ezimhlophe ize inyangwe ngokufunxa. Igraphite kwintsimbi enyibilikayo etyhidiweyo ijikeleza kakhulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inani elincinci leepellets. Isakhiwo esiphambili se-matrix yentsimbi ekhatywayo edibeneyo yi-ferrite kunye ne-pearlite. Ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango lobushushu, intsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo inokohlulwa ibe yintsimbi enyibilikayo ethambileyo ethambileyo etyhidiweyo kunye ne-decarburization annealing egayiweyo yentsimbi ekhatywayo.

Ubume bobushushu obuqhelekileyo bentsimbi yentsimbi ethambileyo busondele kuleyo yentsimbi ephoswe ngamaqhuqhuva ene-matrix efanayo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi, ukuqina kwempembelelo kunye nokusebenza kokusika kwentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo ingcono kunezo zentsimbi ye-nodular cast. Ukuphoswa kwentsimbi ethambileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kulwakhiwo, iimoto, iitrektara, oomatshini bezolimo kunye namanye amasimi. Ukujula kwentsimbi ethambileyo kudla ngokusetyenziselwa ukujula uqhagamshelo lwemibhobho, iziqhoboshi zokwakha, ingqiniba, iiteyi, imizimba yevalvu, izitshixo, amaqokobhe ejekhi, izixhaso zamagqabi, izibiyeli, izindlu zeasi, iintsimbi zokuqhagamshela injini, iingalo zerocker, njl. njl. intsimbi ikakhulu ibandakanya i-graphitization annealing kunye ne-decarburization annealing.

Iipropati ze-Malleable Cast Iron

1. IiPropati zoomatshini
Umlinganiselo wamandla esivuno ukuya kumandla okuqina wentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo usondele kulowo wentsimbi egayiweyo, kodwa umalunga ne-60% ~ 80% ngaphezulu kwaleyo yentsimbi yekhabhoni. Intsimbi yokuphosa ethambileyo ifaneleke ngakumbi ukusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kunebhola egayiweyo yentsimbi.

2. Inkqubo yokuSebenza
Ngenxa yokuba umxholo wekhabhoni kunye ne-silicon yentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo iphantsi, idigri ye-eutectoid incinci, kwaye i-billet yokuphosa ikhazimla ngokwenkqubo ye-metastable, ukusebenza kokuphoswa kwesinyithi esithambileyo kumbi kakhulu, kwaye ukuphosa kuqhelene nokuphosa iziphene ezinje. njengokungaphumeleli ukugalela, i-shrinkage cavity, i-shrinkage porosity, kunye neentanda. Ukuze kuthintelwe ezi ziphene, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe njengokunyusa ubushushu bokuthulula, iimbaleki zendlela, ukwandisa iintloko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukongeza ii-rivers, ukufaka intsimbi epholileyo, kunye nokuphucula ukubola kwesanti yokubumba kunye nesanti engundoqo xa uyila inkqubo yokuphosa.

3. Ukusebenza koMatshini
Intsimbi etyhidiweyo enobunkunkqele beFerritic inobulukhuni obuphantsi, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokusika kungcono kune-grey iron castings kunye nentsimbi yokusika simahla. Ke ngoko, intsimbi enyibilikayo enyibilikayo ye-ferritic yinto enomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokusetyenzwa phakathi kwe-iron-carbon alloys. I-Pearlitic egayiweyo yentsimbi enobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakubi kancinci.

4. Ukusebenza kweWelding
Iintsimbi ezityhidiweyo ezinentliziyo emnyama kunye neentsimbi eziphoswe ngepearlite ezithambileyo azifanelekanga ukuwelda, kuba imilomo emhlophe iya kuveliswa kwindawo yokuwelda. Umlomo omhlophe uya kuqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-welding. Kwiicastings ezithwala imithwalo encinci ye-tensile, ukugoba, kunye nempembelelo, okanye isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukunyanzeliswa kunye ne-torque encinci, ukuba i-welding iyafuneka, ii-castings kufuneka zifudunyezwe ngaphambi kwe-welding, kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokupholisa okucothayo kuyafuneka emva kwe-welding. Xa kuyimfuneko, ukudibanisa kwakhona kuyafuneka ukuphelisa i-cementite kunye noxinzelelo olujikeleze i-weld. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphosa okumhlophe okunyanzekayo kunokusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding, ke ikwabizwa ngokuba yintsimbi enyibilikayo enyibilikayo.

5. Ukunyangwa kweAbrasion
Ukumelana nokunxiba kwentsimbi yentsimbi enyibilikayo yepearlite ingcono kuneyentsimbi eqhelekileyo yekhabhoni. Ke ngoko, i-pearlite malleable cast iron cast ilungele ukuphosa iindawo ezineemfuno ezithile zamandla kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Ngokucinywa konyango lobushushu, ukuqina kwentsimbi ethambileyo enokufikelela kwi-60 HRC, kwaye ukuxhathisa kwayo kungalingana nentsimbi ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi ekhatywayo ye-ferritic ayifanelekanga kwiindawo ezixhathisayo.

6. Ukumelana nobushushu
Ukuxhathisa ubushushu bentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo kunye nepearlite etyhidiweyo yentsimbi ingcono kunentsimbi engwevu kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni, kwaye ukuxhathisa ubushushu bentsimbi ethambileyo ethambileyo ingcono kunokwentsimbi etyhidiweyo ethambileyo.

7. Ukufunxa ngokothuka
Ngenxa yefuthe lemilo yegraphite, intsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo inokufunxa ukothuka okuphantsi kunentsimbi engwevu kwaye ingcono kune-ductile cast iron kunye nentsimbi. Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukusebenza okudambisayo kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo ethambileyo etyhidiweyo imalunga nokufana naleyo ye-spheroidal milled cast iron, kodwa phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukusebenza okudambisayo kwentsimbi ethambileyo ethambileyo kumalunga namaxesha ayi-3 okwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye namaxesha ama-2 i-ductile cast iron.