Ukubunjwa kwesanti ezenza lukhuni okanye ukugaywa kwesanti engabhakiyo yolunye uhlobo lwentlabathi egqunywe ngentlabathi okanyeinkqubo yokubunjwa kweqokobhe. Isebenzisa izinto zokubopha imichiza ukuxuba nesanti kwaye zivumele ukuba zibenzima ngokwazo. Ngenxa yokuba akukho nkqubo yokutshisa kwangaphambili iyadingeka, le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokubumba isanti yokungabhaki.
Igama elithi no-bake livela kwi-oyile-oxygen self-harding eyaqanjwa yi-Swiss ekuqaleni kwe-1950, oko kukuthi, i-oyile ezomileyo ezifana neoli ye-linseed kunye neoli ye-tung yongezwa nge-desiccants yensimbi (efana ne-cobalt naphthenate kunye ne-aluminium naphthenate) kunye ne-oxidant. (ezifana ne-potassium permanganate okanye i-sodium perborate, njl.). Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo, isiseko sesanti sinokuqiniswa kumandla afunekayo ukuze kukhululwe isikhunta emva kokugcinwa kweeyure eziliqela kwiqondo lokushisa. Kwakubizwa ngokuba nzima kweqondo lokushisa kwegumbi (I-Air Set), ukuziqinisa (Self Set), ukuqina okubandayo (I-Cold Set) njalo njalo. Kodwa ayikafikeleli kwi-self-harding, oko kukuthi, akukho kubhaka (Akukho Bhaka), kuba i-mold egqityiweyo (ingundoqo) kufuneka yomiswe iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuthululela ukufezekisa ukuqina okupheleleyo.
"Isanti ezenza lukhuni" ligama eliye lavela emva kokuba imboni ye-Foundry yamkele izibophelelo zemichiza, kwaye intsingiselo yayo ithi:
1. Kwinkqubo yokuxuba isanti, ngaphezu kokongeza i-binder, i-ejenti yokuqinisa (i-agent) ekwazi ukuqinisa i-binder nayo yongezwa.
2. Emva kokubumba kunye nokwenza i-core kunye nolu hlobo lwesanti, akukho nyango (njengokomisa okanye ukuvuthela igesi yokuqina) isetyenziselwa ukuqinisa i-mold okanye i-core, kwaye i-mold okanye i-core inokuqina ngokwayo.
Ukusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 ukuya ekuqaleni koo-1960, eyona ndlela yokwenyani yokuziqinisa ngaphandle kwe-oveni yaphuhliswa ngokuthe ngcembe, eyile, i-asidi-cured (catalyzed) i-furan resin okanye i-phenolic resin self-hardening method, kunye nendlela yokuzenza lukhuni yeoli ye-urethane. 1965. Indlela yokuqinisa i-phenolurethane yaziswa ngo-1970, kunye ne-phenolic ester. indlela yokuzenza lukhuni yavela ngo-1984. Ngoko ke, ingcamango "yesanti yokuzimela" iyasebenza kuzo zonke iintlabathi zokubumba ezenziwe ngeekhemikhali, kubandakanywa nesanti ye-oyile yokuzibekela, isanti yeglasi yamanzi, isanti yesamente, i-aluminium phosphate edibeneyo isanti kunye nesanti ye-resin.
Njengesanti ebopha ibhokisi ebandayo ezenza lukhuni, isanti ye-furan resin yeyona ntlabathi yokuqala kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu kwisanti yesibophelelo sokwenziwa.Isiseko saseTshayina. Isixa se-resin esongeziweyo kwisanti yokubumba ngokuqhelekileyo yi-0.7% ukuya kwi-1.0%, kwaye isixa se-resin eyongezelelweyo kwisanti engundoqo ngokubanzi yi-0.9% ukuya kwi-1.1%. Umxholo we-aldehyde yasimahla kwi-furan resin ungaphantsi kwe-0.3%, kwaye ezinye iifektri ziye zehla ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-0.1%. Kwiziseko zase-China, isanti ye-furan ye-resin yokuziqinisa ifikelele kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe kungakhathaliseki ukuba yinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho womphezulu we-castings.
Emva kokuxuba isanti yoqobo (okanye isanti ebuyisiweyo), intlaka engamanzi kunye ne-catalyst engamanzi ngokulinganayo, kwaye ugcwalise kwibhokisi engundoqo (okanye ibhokisi yesanti), kwaye emva koko uyiqinise ukuze iqine ibe ngumbumba okanye i-mold kwibhokisi engundoqo (okanye ibhokisi yesanti). ) kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa, i-mold casting okanye i-casting core yenziwa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-self-hardening-cold-core modeling box (core), okanye indlela yokuziqinisa (core). Indlela yokuziqinisa inokwahlulwa ibe yi-acid-catalyzed furan resin kunye ne-phenolic resin sand self-harding method, i-urethane resin sand self-harding method kunye ne-phenolic monoester self-harding method.
Iimpawu ezisisiseko zenkqubo yokubunjwa ezenza lukhuni zezi:
1) Ukuphucula ukuchaneka komgangatho weiicastingskunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu.
I-2) Ukuqina kwe-mold (core) isanti ayifuni ukomisa, enokugcina amandla, kunye neenkuni ezingabizi kakhulu okanye iibhokisi zeplastiki eziphambili kunye neetemplates nazo zingasetyenziswa.
I-3) Isanti yokubumba i-self-hardnening kulula ukuyidibanisa kunye nokudilika, kulula ukuyicoca ii-castings, kunye nesanti esidala sinokuphinda sisetyenziswe kwaye sisetyenziswe kwakhona, esinciphisa kakhulu ubuninzi bomsebenzi wokwenza i-core, imodeli, ukuwa kwesanti, ukucoca kunye nezinye izixhumanisi, kunye kulula ukuqonda umatshini okanye i-automation.
I-4) Ubuninzi beqhekeza le-resin esantini kuphela i-0.8% ~ 2.0%, kwaye ixabiso elibanzi lezinto eziluhlaza liphantsi.
Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuziqinisa i-self-harding casting ineenzuzo ezininzi ezichazwe ngasentla, i-self-hard-harding mold casting yesanti ayisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-core, kodwa isetyenziselwa ukubumba. Ilungele ngokukodwa isiqwenga esisodwa kunye nemveliso encinci ye-batch, kwaye inokuvelisa isinyithi, isinyithi kunyeii-alloy castings ezingenayo i-ferrous. Amanye amaziko aseTshayina atshintshe ngokupheleleyo abumba isanti eyomileyo yodongwe, imibumbo yesanti yesamente, kunye nenxalenye yokubumba yesanti yeglasi yamanzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-21-2021